Mykola Amosov

• 1913 - was born in the Olkhovo, Vologda province.
• 1932 - he graduated from the Cherepovets Mechanical Technical School, after which he worked for 3 years as a shift mechanic at the Arkhangelsk Power Plant.
• 1939 - he graduated with honors from the Arkhangelsk Medical Institute, and in 1940 - with honors from the All-Union Correspondence Industrial Institute. During the Great Patriotic War, he was the leading surgeon of the field hospital at the front.
• 1947 to 1952 - he worked as the chief surgeon of the Bryansk regional health department, and at that time began to practice thoracic surgery extensively, carried out extensive scientific work, and in 1953 defended his doctoral dissertation.
• 1952 - M.M. Amosov, as a great specialist in thoracic surgery, was invited to the Kyiv Institute of Tuberculosis to head a specially created thoracic surgery clinic. Here, his multifaceted talent as a surgeon and researcher, physiologist and engineer was revealed with particular fullness, and his scientific, organizational, practical, pedagogical and social activities became particularly fruitful. M. M. Amosov was one of the initiators of the widespread introduction of surgery for lung diseases in our country, he contributed a lot to the development of this problem. His research contributed to increasing the effectiveness of treatment of lung diseases.
• 1955 - for the first time in Ukraine, he began treating heart defects with a surgical method, and in 1958, he was one of the first in the Soviet Union to integrate the method of artificial blood circulation into practice.
• 1963 - Mykola Mykhailovych was the first in the Soviet Union to perform mitral valve prosthetics, and in 1965, he created and for the first time in the world put into practice antithrombotic heart valve prostheses. M. M. Amosov created a number of new methods of surgical treatment of heart defects, original models of artificial blood circulation devices. His works on the surgical treatment of heart diseases were awarded the State Prize of Ukraine (1988), Gold Medals (1967, 1982) and Silver Medal (1978) of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
• 1955 - M. M. Amosov created and headed the first department of thoracic surgery in the USSR for the improvement of doctors. Then the department of anesthesiology was separated from it. These departments have trained more than 700 specialists for Ukraine and other republics. Along with surgery, M. M. Amosov paid great attention to modern problems of biological, medical and psychological cybernetics. From 1959 to 1990, he headed the biological cybernetics department of the Institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Under the leadership of N.M. Amosov carried out fundamental studies of self-regulation systems of the heart and development of machine diagnostics of heart diseases, development and construction of a physiological model of the "internal environment of the body", computer modeling of basic mental functions and some socio-psychological mechanisms of human behavior. The unconventionality of the approach, the original views of M. M. Amosov were widely recognized in our country and abroad. For research in the field of biocybernetics in 1978 and 1997, he was awarded the State Prize of Ukraine. M. M. Amosov is the author of more than 400 scientific works, including 19 monographs. A number of monographs have been republished in the USA, Japan, Germany, and Bulgaria. The institute he created trained 40 doctors and more than 150 candidates of sciences, many of whom head large scientific centers. M. M. Amosov was a member of the presidium of the board of the Ukrainian Society of Surgeons and Cardiologists, the International Association of Surgeons and Cardiologists, the International Association of Surgeons and the International Society of Cardiovascular Surgeons, the International Society of Medical Cybernetics, the Scientific Council for Cybernetics of Ukraine, a member of the editorial board, editorial boards of a number of domestic and foreign magazines.

In the clinic created by M. M. Amosov, about 7,000 lung resections, more than 95,000 operations for heart disease, including about 36,000 with artificial blood circulation, were performed. In 1983, the cardiac surgery clinic managed by M.M. Amosov was reorganized into the Kyiv Research Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery and is the Ukrainian Republican Cardiosurgical Center. About 3,000 heart operations are performed annually at the institute, including about 1,500 with artificial blood circulation. The most important problems of cardiac surgery are being developed. M. M. Amosov was the first director, and since 1988, the honorary director of the institute.